Why We Float Teeth!
Equine dental care is a crucial aspect of horse health, and one of the most common procedures performed by veterinarians is floating a horse’s teeth. But what does this process involve, and why is it so important?
Understanding Equine Teeth
Unlike human teeth, horse teeth grow continuously throughout their lives—about 2-3 mm per year. In the wild, horses naturally grind down their teeth by chewing on coarse forage, but domesticated horses often have diets that don’t provide the same level of natural wear. This can lead to the development of sharp enamel points and uneven tooth surfaces, causing discomfort and health issues.
The Purpose of Floating Teeth
“Floating” refers to filing down or smoothing sharp points and correcting imbalances in the teeth. This is done using specialized dental rasps or motorized tools to create a more even chewing surface. The primary goals of floating include:
1. Preventing Pain and Discomfort
Sharp enamel points can form along the edges of a horse’s teeth, particularly on the outside of the upper molars and the inside of the lower molars. These points can cause ulcers and sores on the cheeks and tongue, leading to pain while chewing and potential weight loss. Floating removes these sharp edges, improving comfort and chewing efficiency.
2. Enhancing Proper Chewing and Digestion
Uneven teeth or misaligned molars can make it difficult for a horse to properly break down food. If food isn’t chewed thoroughly, digestion becomes less efficient, increasing the risk of colic or choke. Floating helps restore proper occlusion, ensuring the horse can grind food effectively.
3. Preventing Behavioral Issues
Dental pain can lead to changes in behavior, such as resistance to the bit, head tossing, or difficulty accepting a bridle. Regular dental care helps maintain a comfortable mouth, preventing unnecessary stress and discomfort for the horse.
4. Extending the Lifespan of Teeth
By maintaining proper alignment and removing excessive wear patterns, floating helps preserve a horse’s teeth for the long term. Since horses rely on their teeth for their entire lives, preventing early tooth loss is crucial for their overall health.
How Often Should Horses Have Their Teeth Floated?
Most horses benefit from an annual dental exam, but younger horses, seniors, and those with dental abnormalities may require more frequent care. Signs that a horse may need floating include:
✔ Difficulty chewing or dropping food (quidding)
✔ Weight loss or reluctance to eat
✔ Bit resistance or head tossing
✔ Bad breath or excessive salivation
Conclusion
Floating is a key component of equine dental health, ensuring horses can eat comfortably, digest food efficiently, and perform their best. Regular dental check-ups by an equine veterinarian help catch issues early and keep horses happy and healthy for years to come!